IV. Extremwetter

24. Welche Rolle spielen Vulkane beim Klimawandel?

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2. Geomar (2019): Außertropische Vulkane beeinflussen das Klima stärker als vermutet: 28.1.2019, https://www.geomar.de/news/article/aussertropische-vulkane-beeinflussen-das-klima-staerker-als-vermutet/

3. Timmreck, C., Pohlmann, H., Illing, S., Kadow, C. (2016): The impact of stratospheric volcanic aerosol on decadal-scale climate predictions: Geophysical Research Letters 43 (2), 834-842.

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5. Desert Research Institute (2015): Volcanic eruptions that changed human history: 8.7.2015, https://icecores.org/indepth/fall-2015/volcanic-eruptions-changed-human-history

6. Hamburger Bildungsserver (2020): Auswirkungen explosiver Vulkanausbrüche auf das Klimasystem: https://wiki.bildungsserver.de/klimawandel/index.php/Vulkanismus

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10. University of Washington (2015): Iceland volcano’s eruption shows how sulfur particles influence clouds: 9.12.2015, https://www.washington.edu/news/2015/12/09/iceland-volcanos-eruption-shows-how-sulfur-particles-influence-clouds/

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20. DWD (2016): Vor 200 Jahren fiel der Sommer aus: 11.6.2016, https://www.dwd.de/DE/wetter/thema_des_tages/2016/6/11.html

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28. Dull, R. A., Southon, J. R., Kutterolf, S., Anchukaitis, K. J., Freundt, A., Wahl, D. B., Sheets, P., Amaroli, P., Hernandez, W., Wiemann, M. C., Oppenheimer, C. (2019): Radiocarbon and geologic evidence reveal Ilopango volcano as source of the colossal ‘mystery’ eruption of 539/40 CE: Quaternary Science Reviews 222, 105855.

29. Geomar (2019): Eruption in El Salvador verstärkte spätantike Klimakrise: 23.8.2019, https://www.geomar.de/news/article/eruption-in-el-salvador-verstaerkte-spaetantike-klimakrise/

30. Miller, G. H., Geirsdóttir, Á., Zhong, Y., Larsen, D. J., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Holland, M. M., Bailey, D. A., Refsnider, K. A., Lehman, S. J., Southon, J. R., Anderson, C., Björnsson, H., Thordarson, T. (2012): Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks: Geophysical Research Letters 39 (2).

31. Schurer, A. P., Hegerl, G. C., Obrochta, S. P. (2015): Determining the likelihood of pauses and surges in global warming: Geophysical Research Letters 42 (14), 5974-5982.

32. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R., Severi, M. (2014): Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era: Nature Climate Change 4 (8), 693-697.

33. Gao, C., Robock, A., Ammann, C. (2008): Volcanic forcing of climate over the past 1500 years: An improved ice core‐based index for climate models: J. Geophys. Res. 113.

34. Baillie, M. G. L., McAneney, J. (2015): Tree ring effects and ice core acidities clarify the volcanic record of the first millennium: Clim. Past 11 (1), 105-114.

35. Gautier, E., Savarino, J., Hoek, J., Erbland, J., Caillon, N., Hattori, S., Yoshida, N., Albalat, E., Albarede, F., Farquhar, J. (2019): 2600-years of stratospheric volcanism through sulfate isotopes: Nature Communications 10 (1), 466.

36. University of Maryland (2019): Revising the History of Big, Climate-Altering Volcanic Eruptions: 4.2.2019, https://cmns.umd.edu/news-events/features/4329

37. Steinhilber, F., Abreu, J. A., Beer, J., Brunner, I., Christl, M., Fischer, H., Heikkilä, U., Kubik, P. W., Mann, M., McCracken, K. G., Miller, H., Miyahara, H., Oerter, H., Wilhelms, F. (2012): 9,400 years of cosmic radiation and solar activity from ice cores and tree rings: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (16), 5967-5971.

38. Mann, M. E., Zhang, Z., Rutherford, S., Bradley, R. S., Hughes, M. K., Shindell, D., Ammann, C., Faluvegi, G., Ni, F. (2009): Global Signatures and Dynamical Origins of the Little Ice Age and Medieval Climate Anomaly: Science 326 (5957), 1256-1260.

39. Abram, N. J., Mulvaney, R., Vimeux, F., Phipps, S. J., Turner, J., England, M. H. (2014): Evolution of the Southern Annular Mode during the past millennium: Nature Climate Change 4, 564-569.

40. Andersson, S. M., Martinsson, B. G., Vernier, J.-P., Friberg, J., Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., Hermann, M., van Velthoven, P. F. J., Zahn, A. (2015): Significant radiative impact of volcanic aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere: Nature Communications 6 (1), 7692.

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43. Neely III, R. R., Toon, O. B., Solomon, S., Vernier, J.-P., Alvarez, C., English, J. M., Rosenlof, K. H., Mills, M. J., Bardeen, C. G., Daniel, J. S., Thayer, J. P. (2013): Recent anthropogenic increases in SO₂ from Asia have minimal impact on stratospheric aerosol: Geophysical Research Letters 40 (5), 999-1004.

44. Ridley, D. A., Solomon, S., Barnes, J. E., Burlakov, V. D., Deshler, T., Dolgii, S. I., Herber, A. B., Nagai, T., Neely III, R. R., Nevzorov, A. V., Ritter, C., Sakai, T., Santer, B. D., Sato, M., Schmidt, A., Uchino, O., Vernier, J. P. (2014): Total volcanic stratospheric aerosol optical depths and implications for global climate change: Geophysical Research Letters 41 (22), 7763-7769.

45. Santer, B. D., Solomon, S., Bonfils, C., Zelinka, M. D., Painter, J. F., Beltran, F., Fyfe, J. C., Johannesson, G., Mears, C., Ridley, D. A., Vernier, J.-P., Wentz, F. J. (2015): Observed multivariable signals of late 20th and early 21st century volcanic activity: Geophysical Research Letters 42 (2), 500-509.

46. Bourassa, A. E., Robock, A., Randel, W. J., Deshler, T., Rieger, L. A., Lloyd, N. D., Llewellyn, E. J., Degenstein, D. A. (2012): Large Volcanic Aerosol Load in the Stratosphere Linked to Asian Monsoon Transport: Science 337 (6090), 78-81.

47. University of Saskatchewan (2012): Satellite research reveals smaller volcanoes could cool climate 5.7.2012, https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-07/uos-srr070512.php

48. Haywood, J. M., Jones, A., Jones, G. S. (2014): The impact of volcanic eruptions in the period 2000–2013 on global mean temperature trends evaluated in the HadGEM2-ES climate model: Atmospheric Science Letters 15 (2), 92-96.

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51. Aarhus University (2014): Temperature fluctuations: Atlantic Ocean dances with the sun and volcanoes: 31.3.2014, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140331114502.htm

52. Birkel, S. D., Mayewski, P. A., Maasch, K. A., Kurbatov, A. V., Lyon, B. (2018): Evidence for a volcanic underpinning of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 1 (1), 24.

53. Guðlaugsdóttir, H., Sjolte, J., Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Á. E., Werner, M., Steen-Larsen, H. C. (2019): North Atlantic weather regimes in δ18O of winter precipitation: isotopic fingerprint of the response in the atmospheric circulation after volcanic eruptions: Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology 71 (1), 1633848.

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57. Swingedouw, D., Ortega, P., Mignot, J., Guilyardi, E., Masson-Delmotte, V., Butler, P. G., Khodri, M., Séférian, R. (2015): Bidecadal North Atlantic ocean circulation variability controlled by timing of volcanic eruptions: Nature Communications 6 (1), 6545.

58. CNRS (2015): Volcanic eruptions found to durably impact climate through alterations to North Atlantic Ocean circulation: 30.3.2015, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150330082744.htm

59. Guevara-Murua, A., Hendy, E. J., Rust, A. C., Cashman, K. V. (2015): Consistent decrease in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone frequency following major volcanic eruptions in the last three centuries: Geophysical Research Letters 42 (21), 9425-9432.

60. Camargo, S. J., Polvani, L. M. (2019): Little evidence of reduced global tropical cyclone activity following recent volcanic eruptions: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 2 (1), 14.

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